Beyond the door material, another important decision is determining whether a more sophisticated door system is required for the application. In the MasterFormat section 08 30 00, Specialty Doors and Frames, a number of door types are listed for special functions, access locations, sliding and folding hardware, and even pressure-resistant types. Among these, there are several mentioned by Building Teams for consideration today:
• Pivoted or hinged doors. Both pivots and hinges can be used interchangeably, although hinged, prefabricated doors are generally less expensive. The presentation of the door types is the key factor. A hinged door typically reveals a knuckle spanning 4½ inches, while a pivot door’s profile is much smaller, with a 1½-inch knuckle. (Means Illustrated Construction Dictionary defines a door knuckle as “one of the enlarged, protruding, cylindrical parts of a hinge through which the pin is inserted.) The pivot door also offers a higher level of durability, making it a common choice for commercial applications.
• Balanced doors. Ideal for windy climates, a balanced door is a more sophisticated, engineered system for exterior entrances. “The balanced door system is a complete assembly where the hanging and closing of the door is controlled by the door system, negating some of the effects of excessive wind conditions,” says Jim Berg, a veteran door systems consultant.
If a balanced door isn’t in the budget, then pivoted or hinged doors need to be designed with higher opening and closing forces, as more of the door leaf is exposed to the wind.
• Automatic and revolving doors. Automatic doors are commonly used to meet the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act, or simply to handle highly trafficked entrances, as in hospitals and grocery stores. Because the price difference between automatic and revolving doors is substantial, revolving doors are usually reserved for buildings with significant weather requirements.
Revolving doors can also be helpful in mitigating the effects of strong negative and positive air pressures created by the HVAC systems and outdoor conditions, which cause wear and tear to a typical door. Consequently, the number of service calls is reduced with revolving or vestibule door systems.
According to Studio 08 Principal Rick Lewis, the most common type of revolving door is the single-post door. However, “Many of the airports are now using a type that allows more people to be in the door unit at one time, to move more traffic,” he says. Today there are small, three- and four-wing models for lower-traffic applications, while the large, two-wing or three-wing automatic revolving doors are more common in retail centers, hospitals, and transportation centers.
In most applications, a low-energy power operator meeting ANSI A156.19 (Standard for Power Assist and Low Energy Power Operated Doors) is specified as an ADA-compliant installation. However, for industrial settings, a heavy-duty power operator compliant with ANSI A156.10 (American National Standard for Power Operated Pedestrian Doors) is used. The industrial types are often specified with a ramp and guides, as the doors generally don’t stop and reset if a person or object enters the sensory field.
While the lower energy operators do stop and reset, this action can eventually wear down the mechanism. “Currently, manufactured units are considerably better than the ones that first came out 20 years ago,” says Lewis. “However, an ANSI A156.10 unit requires a lot of maintenance because the door operator is used each time a person, cart, or motorized vehicle passes through the opening.” Lewis says there is considerable power and momentum in the door as an operator is functioning, and “this causes not only the operators to receive a lot of abuse, but also the doors and frames.”
While retrofitting ordinary doors into automatic doors can be difficult and expensive, there are cases where there is no way around the problem for certain types of buildings, such as churches, temples, mosques, and other religious institutions, which are now required by ADA standards to update their access points. +
Related Stories
| May 8, 2014
Don’t bother planning for the future - it doesn’t care about you
Though strategic planning has helped many businesses move forward, its time has passed. So says Economist and Author Bill Conerly. SPONSORED CONTENT
| May 8, 2014
Infographic: 4 most common causes of construction site fatalities
In honor of Safety Week, Skanska put together this nifty infographic on how to prevent deadly harm in construction.
| May 8, 2014
Sporting events in style: Infographic showcases novel stadiums of the world
UK precast concrete maker Banagher, which specializes in precast stadia solutions, has assembled a list of the world's top stadiums in terms of architectural and structural design.
| May 7, 2014
Design competition: $900,000 on the line in Las Vegas revitalization challenge
Las Vegas Mayor Carolyn Goodman wants your economic development ideas for remaking four areas within the city, including the Cashman Center and the Las Vegas Medical District.
| May 6, 2014
'Beyond' is artist's cinematic take on 2.5 years of development in the UAE
Seven-minute video offers a time-lapse trip through the built environments of Abu Dhabi and Dubai.
| May 6, 2014
'Ugliest building in New Jersey' finally getting facelift
After a decade of false starts and mishaps, the American Dream mall in the Meadowlands may finally get built.
| May 5, 2014
Toronto residential tower to feature drawer-like facade scheme
Some of the apartments in the new River City development will protrude from the building at different lengths, creating a drawer-like "push-pull" effect.
| May 5, 2014
Tragic wired glass injury makes headlines yet again
In the story, a high school student pushed open a hallway door glazed with wired glass. His arm not only broke the glass, but penetrated it, causing severe injuries. SPONSORED CONTENT
| May 3, 2014
Health system capital planning for the future: The benefits of master plan portfolio analysis and ambulatory market modeling
Money continues to be scarce, yet U.S. health systems need to invest and re-invest in their physical future. Healthcare facilities planning experts from CBRE Healthcare outline tools and strategies for identifying where to best allocate precious resources.