Upon its completion in 1918, the building that is now the Atascadero (Calif.) City Hall was the very picture of stability. Intended as the centerpiece of Atascadero Colony—a planned utopian community—the Italian Renaissance structure featured a cruciform plan, with ornate central rotundas on the first and fourth floors.
Though the idealized colony never really jelled, the area did thrive, and the building passed through several commercial uses before the County of San Luis Obispo acquired it in 1950. When the city of Atascadero was incorporated 29 years later, the county handed the building over for city offices. The hall, with its grand pillared entrances and red-tiled dome, is featured on the city seal and listed on both the National and California Registers of Historic Places.
In December 2003, the 6.5 magnitude San Simeon earthquake ravaged Atascadero. As city workers dove for cover, the upper rotunda was twisted and wrenched away from its structural moorings. Interior walls and exterior masonry were extensively damaged, and the building was ultimately red-tagged. However, city officials were determined to restore, and improve, the beloved landmark.
Pfeiffer Partners Architects undertook a two-year assessment, including a laser-scan analysis as well as painstaking physical investigations and measurements. The Atascadero Historical Society, an enthusiastic collaborator, provided invaluable documentation of original conditions. Three packages of work were eventually developed: demolition, FEMA-funded damage repair and hazard mitigation, and city-funded rehabilitation.
PLATINUM AWARD
ATASCADERO CITY HALL
Atascadero, Calif.Building Team
Submitting firm: Bernards (construction manager)
Owner: City of Atascadero
Architect: Pfeiffer Partners Architects
Structural engineer: Nabih Youssef Associates
MEP engineer: Davidovich & Associates
General contractor: Diani Building Corp.General Information
Size: 58,900 sf
Construction cost: $21.7 million
Construction time: June 2010 to September 2013
Delivery method: CM agency/multi-prime
The 2008 economic crash posed financial difficulties, and anticipated state funding was eliminated in the subsequent recession. Meanwhile, water infiltration caused additional damage despite the owner’s best efforts to keep rain out. Under the management of Bernards, construction finally began in 2010, nearly seven years after the quake occurred.
Stabilizing the structure was obviously the most pressing need. The original building consisted of cast-in-place reinforced concrete floors and unreinforced masonry infill walls between a structural steel, concrete-encased post-and-beam skeleton. Above the fourth floor, the building was essentially an unreinforced masonry structure.
Crews strengthened the existing foundation by drilling 248 micro-piles 80 feet deep into bedrock, and pouring pile caps below the foundation. A new structural concrete slab-on-grade was installed at the basement level. Interior perimeter walls up to the fourth floor were stripped to reveal the structure, which was reinforced with more than a million tons of shotcrete and 80,000 pounds of rebar—in essence, creating a building within a building.
To fix the upper floors and dome, crews removed most of the exterior cladding, then rebuilt with additional steel and fiber-reinforced polymer instead of shotcrete, which would have been too heavy. Existing steel was horizontally and vertically braced, and roof dome framing members were retrofitted.
When structural improvements were complete, crews used as much of the original masonry as possible to rebuild the walls and roof. In the heavily damaged upper section, about 15% of the roof tiles and 80% of the bricks had to be replaced with color-matched materials. When possible, original tiles, fascia balustrades, and decorative plaster were repaired, cleaned, and returned to their original spots.
The lower rotunda benefited from a new paint scheme inspired by the greens and browns of the California landscape; the painter, a local artisan, donated half of his change-order hours back to the city. Second-floor window overlooks, once blocked, were uncovered and restored, providing views into the space from surrounding office zones. Light boxes behind frosted lunettes give the illusion of natural daylight. In reality, this dome is internal and is topped by a second rotunda housing the City Council chambers.
IMPROVING INTERIOR DESIGN
Interior reconfiguration was also crucial to improving functionality. Over the years, alterations had resulted in a confusing layout and awkwardly shaped spaces, as well as problematic ventilation. Crews removed most of the interior partitions and built new walls to establish a more sensible floor plan. Efficient HVAC and communications infrastructure was installed.
The lower rotunda was programmed as lobby space and a permit center. Three floors of offices surround this focal point. City Council chambers were constructed in the domed upper rotunda, which once held a library. A small historical museum received a place of honor, reinforcing the building’s link with the town.
More than 90% of construction dollars went to firms on the Central Coast, including $5.5 million to local glass, concrete, and masonry contractors. The final construction cost was $3.3 million less than the original $25 million estimate. Bernards credits the multi-prime contract process, encompassing 17 separately bid categories, for the savings. City Hall opened on schedule in August 2013, just in time for Atascadero’s centennial—an embodiment of civic resilience, determination, and pride.
Elegant detailing, a hallmark of the Italian Renaissance style, was re-established in the post-earthquake reconstruction.
Related Stories
Sponsored | Fire and Life Safety | Jul 12, 2023
Fire safety considerations for cantilevered buildings [AIA course]
Bold cantilevered designs are prevalent today, as developers and architects strive to maximize space, views, and natural light in buildings. Cantilevered structures, however, present a host of challenges for building teams, according to José R. Rivera, PE, Associate Principal and Director of Plumbing and Fire Protection with Lilker.
Building Owners | Jul 12, 2023
Building movement: When is it a problem?
As buildings age, their structural conditions can deteriorate, causing damage and safety concerns. In order to mitigate this, it’s important to engage in the regular inspection and condition assessment of buildings for diagnosis.
Mass Timber | Jul 11, 2023
5 solutions to acoustic issues in mass timber buildings
For all its advantages, mass timber also has a less-heralded quality: its acoustic challenges. Exposed wood ceilings and floors have led to issues with excessive noise. Mass timber experts offer practical solutions to the top five acoustic issues in mass timber buildings.
Multifamily Housing | Jul 11, 2023
Converting downtown office into multifamily residential: Let’s stop and think about this
Is the office-to-residential conversion really what’s best for our downtowns from a cultural, urban, economic perspective? Or is this silver bullet really a poison pill?
Adaptive Reuse | Jul 10, 2023
California updates building code for adaptive reuse of office, retail structures for housing
The California Building Standards Commission recently voted to make it easier to convert commercial properties to residential use. The commission adopted provisions of the International Existing Building Code (IEBC) that allow developers more flexibility for adaptive reuse of retail and office structures.
Laboratories | Jul 10, 2023
U.S. Department of Agriculture opens nation’s first biosafety level 4 containment facility for animal disease research
Replacing a seven-decade-old animal disease center, the National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility includes the nation’s first facility with biosafety containment capable of housing large livestock.
Adaptive Reuse | Jul 6, 2023
The responsibility of adapting historic university buildings
Shepley Bulfinch's David Whitehill, AIA, believes the adaptive reuse of historic university buildings is not a matter of sentimentality but of practicality, progress, and preservation.
Market Data | Jul 5, 2023
Nonresidential construction spending decreased in May, its first drop in nearly a year
National nonresidential construction spending decreased 0.2% in May, according to an Associated Builders and Contractors analysis of data published today by the U.S. Census Bureau. On a seasonally adjusted annualized basis, nonresidential spending totaled $1.06 trillion.
Architects | Jul 5, 2023
Niles Bolton Associates promotes Jeffrey Smith, AIA, to President and C. Cannon Reynolds, AIA, to Managing Director
Niles Bolton Associates (NBA), a leading architecture, planning and design firm, announces leadership changes as a part of its ongoing commitment to future growth. Current Executive Vice President, Jeffrey Smith, AIA, has been named President and C. Cannon Reynolds, AIA, has been named Managing Director effective June 30, 2023.
Mixed-Use | Jun 29, 2023
Massive work-live-play development opens in LA's new Cumulus District
VOX at Cumulus, a 14-acre work-live-play development in Los Angeles, offers 910 housing units and 100,000 sf of retail space anchored by a Whole Foods outlet. VOX, one of the largest mixed-use communities to open in the Los Angeles area, features apartments and townhomes with more than one dozen floorplans.