A U.S. Dept. of Energy document discusses the benefits and challenges of thermal energy storage for commercial buildings.
The document explains how the various types of thermal energy storage technologies work, where their installation is most beneficial, and some practical considerations around installations. Among the benefits are:
- Can integrate with on-site renewable energy
- Can function as a buffer for variable energy generation
- Allows for optimal use of renewable energy
- Adds resiliency for temperature control and occupant comfort
- Allows for integration with other distributed energy resources
Technologies currently available include:
- Ice storage with central chiller
- Ice storage in rooftop unit (RTU)
- Chilled or hot water storage
- Ceramic brick heating storage system
- Phase change storage for commercial refrigeration systems
- PCM ceiling panels/passive storage
- Heat pump water heater (HPWH)
The document also discusses tax incentives for implementation of this technology.
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