BIM-driven prototype turns data centers into a kit of parts

Considering their predominantly functional and technical nature, data centers are becoming as much a product as they are a building. As a data center “product,” there are opportunities for mass customization of assemblies that can lead to higher levels of efficiencies than those that can be attained by an outmoded stick-built/one-off approach to building design.

However, as data center “buildings”—which exist within a real site with a real context and real constraints—the need exists to think of the building as a system of assemblies that can be sensitively arranged to match the unique requirements of a particular location and program.

A promise that building information modeling (BIM) holds is to create a dynamic model of components which can evolve and improve over time.

To take advantage of this promise, Digital Realty commissioned SPARCH to design and model a prototypical, modular data center shell in BIM that was responsive to a range of data center infrastructure solutions that Digital Realty had developed.

As noted by our client, Steve Kundich, AIA, Vice President, Design & Construction with Digital Realty, “BIM was essential for our PBB+ Prototype development, allowing for rapid site master planning and building design. It eliminates most of the conceptual design and design development steps and allows the team to focus on localizing the design to the site and/or customer requirements.”

Rendering depicts a two-story, four-pod prototype assembly with an attached common building

Designed for assembly, this PBB+ (Powered Base Building+) prototype blends the best of prefabrication, modular, and site-built construction. This branded prototype is designed for supply chain optimization while allowing for a range of solutions based on particular site or program requirements.

In terms of supply chain optimization of the major architectural components, this prototype campaign will provide Digital Realty the ability to negotiate a considerable cost savings through long-term, bulk purchasing agreements while allowing for reduced lead times for key components. The major architectural components of the prototype would include roofing, exterior precast panels, sunshades and storefront, entry canopies, and even prefabricated stair modules. In addition, the building’s structural elements have been selected and designed to be simplified, repeatable, and readily available, avoiding long delays for specialty steel sizes and detailing.

From our client’s perspective, these will add up to major savings on the overall project budget and schedule, which equates to a quicker time to market. “The opportunities that BIM affords for off-site fabrication allow for reduced project schedule time and cost savings,” says Kundich. “We are now prefabricating major M&E portions of the project with our suppliers.”

Exploded components diagram of a one-story data hall pod module

Of course, every site is unique, with its own particular opportunities and requirements. The PBB+ prototype is modular in nature, allowing for both single-story and two-story solutions. An office or “common” building module is coupled with a varying number of data hall pod modules, each with the associated electrical and mechanical data center infrastructure that Digital has developed. This planning flexibility allows the prototype to conform to sites of various shapes and sizes throughout our client’s markets, while being flexible enough to accommodate their customers’ unique needs.

Since the PBB+ prototype is documented with BIM, all of Digital Realty’s AE design consultants can use this content to greatly accelerate the documentation of their site-specific projects, reducing the SD and DD phases of the project to just several weeks and allowing the teams to focus on localizing the design to site specific and customer requirements. Ultimately, the CD phases of the project will be reduced as well, as more construction details are developed and refined over time and added to the prototype model.

Portions of this prototype have already been incorporated into several Digital projects currently under way. The savings in cost and time in these case studies are just now being quantified. The goal is to provide a system that can be presented in conjunction with the data center infrastructure solutions that Digital has developed, as either a turn-key solution or as the basis of design for a build-to-suit data center project. Either way, the prototype approach should provide a more rapid and predictable project schedule, both in terms of design and construction, and yield a more cost effective and predictable project budget.

Individual components of one-story and two-story pod configurations

As for next steps, we can imagine setting up and working within a BIM infrastructure where the client's extended ecosystem of consultants/suppliers can continuously and incrementally improve this prototypical model, and do it in a way where the updates become a natural by-product of any given project's workflow.

Specifically, we can envision the development of a Revit Plugin that will, in concert with Revit’s WAN-based Server technology, continuously sync, in real-time, this evolving library of components between all of Digital Realty’s AEC consultant projects.

Similar to the product design analogy referenced above, this hybrid data center “product-building” can continue to evolve with each new “release,” with all of the information contained within this ever-evolving building model, which exists within the BIM infrastructure.

This approach, and the wide network of Digital’s design and vendor partners, should allow for a continual evolution of the design, with greater opportunity for innovation over a one-firm/one-client/one building approach.

We recognize that this represents a dramatic and potentially disruptive departure from the traditional design process. We as architects are ideally suited to participate in and even lead this departure and take advantage of the new opportunities, partnerships, and relationships it promises.

HDR, HKS, CannonDesign, Stantec, and SmithGroup top BD+C's ranking of the nation's largest healthcare sector architecture and architecture/engineering (AE) firms for 2023, as reported in Building Design+Construction's 2023 Giants 400 Report. Note: This ranking includes revenue related to all healthcare buildings work, including hospitals, medical office buildings, and outpatient facilities.

Rendering of senior living community entryway

Biophilic Design | Oct 4, 2023

Transforming the entry experience with biophilic design

Vessel Architecture & Design's Cassandra Wallace, AIA, NCARB, explores how incorporating biophilic design elements and dynamic lighting can transform a seemingly cavernous entry space into a warm and inviting focal point.

Regulations | Oct 4, 2023

New York adopts emissions limits on concrete

New York State recently adopted emissions limits on concrete used for state-funded public building and transportation projects. It is the first state initiative in the U.S. to enact concrete emissions limits on projects undertaken by all agencies, according to a press release from the governor’s office.

Architects | Oct 4, 2023

Architects and contractors underestimate cyberattack risk

Design and construction industry firms underestimate their vulnerability to cyberattacks, according to a new report, Data Resilience in Design and Construction: How Digital Discipline Builds Stronger Firms by Dodge Construction Network and content security and management company Egnyte.

Belden-Stratford luxury apartments ornate double-height lobby

Luxury Residential | Oct 2, 2023

Chicago's Belden-Stratford luxury apartments gets centennial facelift

The Belden-Stratford has reopened its doors following a renovation that blends the 100-year-old building’s original architecture with modern residences.

Giants 400 | Oct 2, 2023

Top 30 Data Center Architecture Firms for 2023

Corgan, HDR, Gensler, Page Southerland Page, and HED top BD+C's ranking of the nation's largest data center sector architecture and architecture/engineering (AE) firms for 2023, as reported in Building Design+Construction's 2023 Giants 400 Report.

Market Data | Oct 2, 2023

Nonresidential construction spending rises 0.4% in August 2023, led by manufacturing and public works sectors

National nonresidential construction spending increased 0.4% in August, according to an Associated Builders and Contractors analysis of data published today by the U.S. Census Bureau. On a seasonally adjusted annualized basis, nonresidential spending totaled $1.09 trillion.

Rendering of K-12 magnet school exterior

K-12 Schools | Oct 2, 2023

4 design strategies for successful K-12 magnet schools

Clark Nexsen's Donna Francis, AIA, Principal, and Becky Brady, AIA, share four reasons why diverse K-12 magnet schools require diverse design.

Architects | Sep 28, 2023

Nashville architecture firm ESa adds 14 principals

ESa has announced that 14 new principals have been added to the firm’s leadership. “As ESa continues to grow, we are excited to celebrate our newest ESa principals. These individuals embody the characteristics of a quality leader and have shown great leadership in client and team member relationships, project management and mentoring roles,” said Kevin Harney, ESa vice president and principal.

Currently Reading

BIM-driven prototype turns data centers into a kit of parts

Tags

MFPRO+ News | Oct 6, 2023

Giants 400 | Oct 5, 2023

Biophilic Design | Oct 4, 2023

Regulations | Oct 4, 2023

Architects | Oct 4, 2023

Luxury Residential | Oct 2, 2023

Giants 400 | Oct 2, 2023

Market Data | Oct 2, 2023

K-12 Schools | Oct 2, 2023

Architects | Sep 28, 2023

Most Popular Content

Magazine Subscription

Get our Newsletters

Follow BD+C: